Reviews
| Rev Diabet Stud,
2021,
17(2):57-67 |
DOI 10.1900/RDS.2021.17.57 |
Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases in Morocco: A Systematic Review
Rida Elyamani, Abdelmajid Soulaymani, Hind Hami
Laboratory of Genetics and Biometry, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
Address correspondence to: Rida Elyamani, e-mail: ridaelyass@gmail.com
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To provide a systematic review of studies on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their risk factors in the Moroccan population. METHODS: A systematic analysis was performed based on PRISMA guidelines by retrieving data bases (Medline, Embase, and other) using technical keywords in addition to manual research on official websites. Published studies in the English or French language, conducted in Morocco or concerning the Moroccan population within the last two decades, were identified. RESULTS: This is the first systematic review of CVD in Morocco. Data from 159 studies were retrieved and analyzed. Most studies were written in the English language (75.89%) and published between 2010 and 2019 (85.47%). The mortality rate caused by CVD in Morocco has reached 38%, with ischemic heart disease and stroke as the main events causing death (31.0% and 22.5% respectively). The risk factors present in the population studied were headed by tobacco smoking (45-50%), followed by physical inactivity (21.1%), elevated rate of hypertension (25.3%), and depression (5.47%). Impacted by a high rate of illiteracy and poverty and an unprepared health care system in Morocco, these numbers are expected to increase over the next decade. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these alarming incidences, investment in scientific research and epidemiological studies should be increased to determine the needs of the local population. The available evidence shows that the risk of cardiovascular disease and the associated mortality is very high in Morocco and will rise in the next years prospectively, which calls for urgent multi-sectorial approaches and treatment strategies.
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| Rev Diabet Stud,
2021,
17(2):75-81 |
DOI 10.1900/RDS.2021.17.75 |
Local Antibiotic Delivery Systems in Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Brief Review
Christos Chatzipapas1, Makrina Karaglani1, Nikolaos Papanas2, Konstantinos Tilkeridis1, Georgios I. Drosos1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
2Diabetes Centre - Diabetic Foot Clinic, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
Address correspondence to: Nikolaos Papanas, e-mail: papanasnikos@yahoo.gr
Abstract
Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is a severe, difficult to treat infection. Local antibiotic delivery has been studied as a potential therapeutic adjunct following surgery for DFO. This review aims to summarize the evidence on local antibiotic delivery systems in DFO. PubMed database was searched up to March 2020. Overall, 16 studies were identified and included: 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 3 retrospective studies (RSs), and 10 case series. In the RCTs, gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponges significantly improved clinical healing rates and slightly improved duration of hospitalization. In the RSs, antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate beads non-significantly improved all healing parameters, but did not reduce post-operative amputation rates or time of healing. The majority of case series used calcium sulfate beads, achieving adequate rates of healing and eradication of infection. In conclusion, evidence for add-on local antibiotic delivery in DFO is still limited; more data are needed to assess this therapeutic measure.
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| Rev Diabet Stud,
2021,
17(2):82-89 |
DOI 10.1900/RDS.2021.17.82 |
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diabetes Knowledge among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Southeast Asia
Phei Ching Lim1, Retha Rajah1, Chong Yew Lee2, Te Ying Wong1, Sherene Su Ann Tan1, Sarah Abdul Karim1
1Hospital Pulau Pinang, Penang, Malaysia
2School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
Address correspondence to: Chong Yew Lee, e-mail: chongyew@usm.my
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Recognition of patient baseline knowledge is important in educating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) to manage their disease effectively. The purpose of this study is to review current evidence on the level of diabetes knowledge among T2D patients and determine factors affecting their knowledge. METHODS: A systematic search of English language articles published between 1990 and June 2019 was conducted using six electronic databases. Only quantitative studies that assessed knowledge of T2D patients in Southeast Asian countries were included. Data were extracted and a meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 6210 articles were retrieved; seven articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising 1,749 T2D patients. The calculated mean knowledge score was 55.6% (95% CI: 7.6 to 103.6). Five types of assessment tools were identified ranging from five to 41 questions that focused on disease specifics, treatment, and nutrition. Age, education level, and glycemic control were the most common factors impacting knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge among T2D patients in Southeast Asia was unsatisfactory, especially in older patients with low education levels and poor glycemic control. Hence, an appropriate educational plan should be prioritized to these groups.
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