B Cells in Autoimmune Diabetes

Review

Rev Diabet Stud, 2005, 2(3):121-135

DOI 10.1900/RDS.2005.2.121

B Cells in Autoimmune Diabetes

F. Susan Wong¹, Li Wen²

¹Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom.
²Section of Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT06510, USA.
Address correspondence to: F. Susan Wong, e-mail: susan.wong@bristol.ac.uk.

Keywords: type 1 diabetes, NOD mouse, autoimmunity, B cells, costimulation, antigen-presenting cells

Abstract

Autoantibodies have been used as good markers for the prediction of future development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but are not thought to be pathogenic in this disease. The role of B cells that produce autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of human T1DM is largely unknown. In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of autoimmune diabetes, it has been shown that B cells may contribute multifariously to the pathogenesis of the disease. Some aspects of deficiencies of B cell tolerance may lead to the circulation of autoreactive B cells. In addition, the antigen-presenting function of autoantigen specific B cells is likely to be particularly important, and autoantibodies are also considered to play a critical role. This review discusses the possible aspects of B cells involved in the development of autoimmune diabetes.

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